Kraft ntawv yog ib hom ntawv uas tsim los ntawm ib hom kev pulping. Feem ntau, hauv papermaking, ntoo yog thawj "sib tsoo", thiab tom qab ntawd qee yam tshuaj lom neeg (sulfate) yog siv los kho cellulose pulp los txhim kho lub zog ntawm daim ntawv. Yog li ntawd, nws muab nws lub npe kraft ntawv.
Qhov no yog vim li cas cov khoom no thaum kawg siv los ua cov khoom ntim, vim tias nws muaj cov khoom siv ruaj khov thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kraft ntawv ntim.
Qhov no yog vim li cas nws thiaj daws tau ntau txhiab qhov teeb meem, thiab muaj ntau lub npe sib txawv, xws li ntawv qhwv, ntawv siv dua tshiab, ntawv qhwv, ntawv kraft, ntawv luam ntawv.
Yuav ua li cas yog kraft ntawv?
1. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntoo yog lignin thiab cellulose. Vim lignin tsis tuaj yeem ua rau hauv daim ntawv zoo, nws yuav tsum tau muab cais tawm ntawm cellulose.
2. Cov chips ntoo yog siav hauv cov kua ua los ntawm sodium sulfide thiab sodium hydroxide. Lawv rhuav tshem lignin thiab cellulose, tawm hauv cov tawv ntoo.
3. Lub sijhawm no, cov sawdust tau hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg thiab tshuaj xyuas kom tshem tawm cov chips loj dua.
4. Tom qab ntxuav, cov impurities tshuav nyob rau hauv lub pulp tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm, thiab ntau yam ntawv tuaj yeem ua.
5 hom ntawv kraft thiab lawv cov kev siv tseem ceeb
1. Ntuj ntshiab kraft ntawv
Natural kraft ntawv yog ua los ntawm cov ntoo ntshiab, uas tseem hu ua cov ntoo ntshiab ntoo kraft ntawv. Nws muaj cov qauv zoo sib xws ntawm cov cellulose fiber ntau, yog li daim ntawv muaj lub peev xwm zoo heev thiab tsis yooj yim los tsim kua muag. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog cov nqi qis qis, cov ntawv kraft thawj yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev lag luam ntim khoom.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nws kuj ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau luam ntawv, yog li kev ntim khoom nrog lub npe nrov heev ntawm cov ntawv ntshiab kraft.
2. Recycled kraft ntawv
Recycled kraft daim ntawv yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv fiber ntau (nrog rau cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab). Colorants ntxiv rau stabilize daim ntawv xim.
Txawm hais tias nws tsis zoo li cov ntawv kraft thawj, cov ntawv kraft rov ua dua yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau ib puag ncig thiab tseem muaj lub zog xav tau rau padding thiab filling ua haujlwm. Sau qhov sib txawv, ua lub thawv hauv ob sab phlu, lub thawv los yog hauv ob sab phlu, thiab cov ntawv xov xwm zoo heev hauv qab ntim
Tus qauv hnyav ntawm feem ntau cov ntawv nyoos thiab rov siv dua kraft yog li ntawm 30 gsm txog 70 gsm.
3. Dawb los yog bleached kraft ntawv
Cov ntawv dawb kraft zoo ib yam li cov ntawv dawb huv kraft ntawv hauv lub zog thiab ua haujlwm ntev, tab sis nws yog dawb los yog bleached kom cov ntawv huv thiab ntse dua. Qhov no yog cov lus teb rau kev luam ntawv. Ntau lub tsev noj mov siv cov ntawv dawb kraft los hloov cov ntaub pua rooj, uas yog kev lag luam thiab ib puag ncig zoo.
Tau kawg, cov ntawv dawb kraft kuj tseem siv tau rau kev ntim khoom, thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus tus qauv coj los ntim ib yam li cov ntawv ntshiab kraft.
4. Dub Kraft Ntawv
Dub kraft ntawv yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tshaj tawm hom vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov neeg tuaj saib nrog cov xim tshwj xeeb no.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem siv rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj, album hauv ob sab phlu ntawv, thiab lwm yam.
5. Xim Kraft Daim Ntawv
Coloured kraft ntawv yog ib hom dyed ntawv khoom. Txawm hais tias nws yog dyed, nws tsis cuam tshuam rau nws qhov kev ua tau zoo qub.
Dab tsi yog txoj hauv kev zoo dua los siv nws dua li cov khoom siv hauv tsev kawm ntawv, cov phau ntawv los yog tsev kawm ntawv thiab cov menyuam yaus cov ntawv paj ntaub, thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua khoom siv tes ua.
Vim li cas kraft ntawv zoo dua li daim ntawv dawb?
1. Muaj zog kraft ntawv
Kraft daim ntawv muaj zog thiab tiv taus ntau dua li cov ntawv zoo tib yam vim nws cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj lignin thiab cov ntsiab lus sulfur siab.
2. Kraft daim ntawv yog ruaj thiab muaj nqi ntau lawm
Txij li thaum nws khaws nws cov xim ntuj thiab kev ntxhib los mos, tsis tas yuav muaj cov txheej txheem bleaching thiab dyeing ntxiv.
Qhov no tuaj yeem txuag tau nyiaj vim tias yuav tsum muaj tsawg dua cov khoom siv thiab nyob deb ntawm qhov chaw tshuaj lom neeg. Cov tshuaj bleaching ntau dhau kuj txo qhov muaj zog ntawm daim ntawv thiab ua rau cov nqi ntau lawm.
3. Muaj ntau yam khoom siv raw
Kraft daim ntawv tuaj yeem ua los ntawm ntau yam ntoo, xws li ntoo thuv, xyoob thiab ntoo qhib. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias nws yooj yim dua rau kev tsim khoom, yog li muaj cov khoom txaus txaus - uas txhais tau hais tias tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv qis dua.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov ntoo yog qhov dav heev, uas txhais tau hais tias cov ntoo siab thiab qhov ntom ntom tuaj yeem sib xyaw ua ke.
4. Rov ua dua thiab rov ua dua tshiab
Raws li yuav luag tag nrho cov tshuaj siv hauv cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem rov ua dua thiab rov siv dua, kraft ntawv tuaj yeem rov ua dua los txo qhov hnyav ntawm ib puag ncig, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev lag luam.
Lub ntsiab unrecycled by-products yog turpentine thiab siab roj siv rau lwm yam manufacturing lub hom phiaj.
Cov lag luam siv kraft ntawv rau ntim khoom. Kraft daim ntawv ntim muaj qhov zoo hauv qab no:
1. Vim tias nws yuav tsis ntxiv qhov hnyav ntau rau lub pob, kev siv kraft ntawv ntim tuaj yeem txo tus nqi tsheb thauj mus los.
2. Qhov qis lignin hauv kraft ntawv ua rau nws nyuaj thiab ruaj khov dua li lwm cov ntaub ntawv.
3. Cov kev ntxhib los mos muaj ductility siab thiab lub zog, thiab nws yooj yim muab kev tiv thaiv cov khoom ntau dua.
4. Cov qauv tsim tuaj yeem siv tau, thiab cov qauv yooj yim thiab zoo nkauj. Cov ntaub ntawv ntuj muab rau tib neeg ib qho yooj yim thiab txaus nyiam kev xav thiab tsos.
5. Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, kraft ntawv tuaj yeem rov ua dua thiab degraded sai nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso. Cov neeg siv khoom muaj peev xwm yuav txaus siab rau koj qhov kev paub txog ib puag ncig raws li kev lees paub ntawm koj tus kheej.
